BLACK POLITICAL AFFILIATION
2000 2002 2004Strong Democrat
Not Strong Democrat
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Independant Near Democrat
Independant
Independant Near Republican
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Not Strong Republican
Strong Republican
Source: University of California, Berkeley Survey Documentation and Analysis
38%36%38%
36%38% 21%26%29%
26%29% 12%09%11%
09%11% 18%21%13%
21%13%05%02%04%
02%04%04%04%02%
04%02%02%02%02%
02%02%African Americans have a history in both major political parties of the United States. After the Civil War almost all Black Americans considered themselves Republicans. It was the Republican Party that was started by abolitionists and of course the party of President Abraham Lincoln. It was the Southern Democrats who strongly opposed any rights to Blacks at the time.
Things began to change during the "Great Depression" of the 1930s with Franklin Roosevelt's New Deal. The New Deal was a program that helped disadvantaged and minority communities. This persuaded more African Americans to vote Democrat. During the Civil Rights Era the Southern Democrats break from the party
forming the Dixiecrat Party and eventually moving to the Republican Party. By this time the majority of Blacks had become Democrats. By 2004 only 7% of African Americans considered themselves Republicans.
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BLACK POLITICAL VIEWS
2000 2002 2004EXTREMELY LIBERAL
LIBERAL
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SLIGHTLY LIBERAL
MODERATE
SLGHTLY CONSERVATIVE
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CONSERVATIVE
EXTRMLY CONSERVATIVE
Source: University of California, Berkeley Survey Documentation and Analysis
07%06%06%
06%06%12%11%12%
11%12%12%12%10%
12%10%45%40%44%
40%44%14%12%14%
12%14% 10%15%10%
15%10%04%06%04%
06%04%Source: University of California, Berkeley Survey Documentation and Analysis
2004
KERRY(D) 88%
BUSH(R) 11%
NADER 0%
2000
GORE(D) 86%
BUSH(R) 11%
NADER 2%
OTHER 0.5%
1996
CLINTON(D) 93%
DOLE(R) 4%
PEROT 2%
OTHER 0.3%
1984
MONDALE(D) 86%
REAGAN(R) 12%
OTHER 0.4
1980
CARTER(D) 94%
REAGAN(R) 3%
ANDERSON 2%
1976
CARTER(D) 93%
FORD(R) 7%
1972
MCGOVERN(D) 84%
NIXON(R) 13%
OTHER 2%
Although 88% of African Americans voted for Democrat John Kerry in 2004, 44% consider themselves to have a moderate political viewpoint. Only 28% consider themselves liberal in their political views. Over the last 40 years Black Americans have consistently voted overwhelmingly for the Democrat presidential candidate. The most votes any Republican candidate received from Blacks since 1968 was George H. W. Bush in 1992 (21%). In 1980 Jimmy Carter received 94% of the Black vote against Ronald Reagan.
The Black Vote
Black presidentiol vote 1968-2004
2004 Black Political Affiliation
Black Politics
Alen Keyes
Shirley Chisholm
Source: University of California, Berkeley Survey Documentation and Analysis
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Black Mayors
2007 marked the 40th anniversary of the election of the first black mayor of a big U.S city. In 1967, Carl Stokes was elected mayor of Cleveland and Richard Hatcher was elected mayor of Gary, IN. The following year Kenneth Gibson was elected mayor of Newark in 1970. Of the 100 largest cities in the country, 39 have had elected black mayors. In 2002, 57.1% of black mayors served in cities that did not have a black majority population. By 2007, that number has dropped to 40.4%.
Of the 10 largest cities in the country, six have elected black mayors
1. New York (David Dinkins)
2. Los Angeles (Tom Bradley)
3. Chicago (Harold Washington)
4. Houston (Lee Brown)
6. Philadelphia (Wilson Goode, John Street, Michael Nutter)
9. Dallas (Ron Kirk)
Non majority black cities that lost Black mayors between 2002 and 2007
Houston, TX
San Francisco, CA
Denver, CO
Arlington, TX
Toledo, OH
Jersey City, NJ
Rochester, NY
Chesapeake, VA
Des Moines, IA
Dayton, OH
Oceanside, CA
Paterson, NJ
Hampton, VA
Fayetteville, NC
Beaumont, TX
Carson, CA
Kalamazoo, MI
Eden Prairie, MN
Sarasota, FL
Source: Joint Center for Political and Economic Studies
East Orange, NJ
Irvington, NJ
Detroit, MI
Miami Gardens, FL***
Birmingham, AL
Jackson, MS
New Orleans, LA
Pine Bluff, AR
Albany, GA
Baltimore, MD
Macon, GA
Memphis, TN
Atlanta, GA
Monroe, LA
Washington, DC
Mt. Vernon, NY
Richmond, VA
Savannah, GA
Wilmington, DE
Southfield, MI
Newark, NJ
Camden, NJ
Trenton, NJ
Cleveland, OH
Shreveport, LA
Portsmouth, VA
Baton Rouge, LA
89.5 %69,824 Robert Bowser
69,824 Robert Bowser81.7% 60,695 Wayne Smith
60,695 Wayne Smith81.6% 951,270Kwame Kilpatrick
951,270Kwame Kilpatrick79.0% 105,414Shirley Gibson
105,414Shirley Gibson73.5% 242,820Bernard Kincaid
242,820Bernard Kincaid70.6% 184,256Frank Melton
184,256Frank Melton67.3% 484,674C. Ray Nagin
484,674C. Ray Nagin65.9% 55,085 Carl Redus
55,085 Carl Redus64.8% 76,939 Willie Adams, Jr.
76,939 Willie Adams, Jr.64.3% 651,154Sheila Dixon
651,154Sheila Dixon62.5% 97,255 C. Jack Ellis
97,255 C. Jack Ellis61.4% 650,100Willie Herenton
650,100Willie Herenton61.4% 416,474Shirley Franklin
416,474Shirley Franklin61.1% 53,107 James Mayo
53,107 James Mayo60.0% 572,059Adrian Fenty
572,059Adrian Fenty59.6% 68,381 Ernest Davis
68,381 Ernest Davis57.2% 197,790L. Douglas Wilder
197,790L. Douglas Wilder57.1% 131,510Otis S. Johnson
131,510Otis S. Johnson56.4% 72,664 James M. Baker
72,664 James M. Baker 54.2% 78,296 Brenda Lawrence
78,296 Brenda Lawrence53.5% 273,546Cory A. Booker
273,546Cory A. Booker 53.3%79,904 Gwendolyn Faison
79,904 Gwendolyn Faison52.1% 85,403 Douglas H. Palmer
85,403 Douglas H. Palmer51.1% 478,403Frank Jackson
478,403Frank Jackson50.8% 200,145Cedric B. Glover
200,145Cedric B. Glover50.6% 100,565James Holley III
100,565James Holley III50.0% 227,818Melvin "Kip" Holden
227,818Melvin "Kip" HoldenPontiac, MI
Inglewood, CA
Durham, NC
Youngstown, OH
Saginaw, MI
Philadelphia, PA
Dayton, OH
Cincinnati, OH
Compton, CA
Buffalo, NY
Oakland, CA
Daytona Beach, FL
Hempstead Village, NY
Columbus, OH
Alexandria, VA
Evanston Township, IL
Evanston, IL
Asheville, NC
Lancaster, CA
Lynwood, CA
47.9% 66,337 Clarence Phillips
66,337 Clarence Phillips 47.1% 112,580Roosevelt Dorn
112,580Roosevelt Dorn43.8% 187,035William V. Bell
187,035William V. Bell43.8% 82,026 Jay Williams
82,026 Jay Williams43.3% 61,799 Wilmer Jones-Ham
61,799 Wilmer Jones-Ham43.2% 1,517,550 John F. Street
1,517,550 John F. Street43.1% 166,179Rhine L. McLin
166,179Rhine L. McLin42.9% 331,285William L. Mallory
331,285William L. Mallory40.3% 93,493 Eric Perrodin
93,493 Eric Perrodin 37.2% 292,648Byron W. Brown
292,648Byron W. Brown35.7% 399,484Ron Dellums
399,484Ron Dellums32.7% 64,112 Yvonne Scarlett-Golden
64,112 Yvonne Scarlett-Golden25.7% 56,554 Wayne Hall
56,554 Wayne Hall24.5% 711,470Michael B. Coleman
711,470Michael B. Coleman22.5% 128,283William D. Euille
128,283William D. Euille22.5% 74,239 Patricia A Vance
74,239 Patricia A Vance22.5% 74,239 Lorraine Morton
74,239 Lorraine Morton17.6% 68,889 Terry Bellamy
68,889 Terry Bellamy16.0% 118,718Henry W. Hearns
118,718Henry W. Hearns13.5% 69,845 Louis Byrd
69,845 Louis ByrdBlack Mayors of Cities with 50,000-plus Population
Majority Black Cities %Black City Pop Mayor Name
Non-Majority Black Cities %Black City Pop Mayor Name
Perhaps the introduction and prevalence of the Black mayor has helped America become more comfortable with Black politicians in positions of major leadership. In 2002 there were 49 Black Mayors of cities with populations of more than 50,000 only dropping by two in 2007
Shirley Franklin, 58th Mayor of Atlanta
C. Ray Nagin, 60th Mayor of New Orleans, Louisiana
Black Statewide Elected Officials, 2002 - 2007
YEARFEDERAL JUDICIAL UNIVERSITY TOTAL
FEDERAL JUDICIAL UNIVERSITY TOTAL & ADMINSUPREME APPEALS BOARD2002101609540
1016095402003101412440
1014124402004101611441
1016114412005111711443
1117114432006111610441
1116104412007111909443
111909443Source: Joint Center for Political and Economic Studies (Washington, DC), Black Elected Officials Roster
Former U.S. congressman and mayor of Atlanta Andrew Young
On November 4th 2008 The United States of America elected its first Black President Barack Obama. Many have attributed his win to a huge increase in the African American vote. However, it took a shift of voting patterns in all demographics being that the Black population is only 13% of the nation. Actually the Black vote (which voted 95% for Obama) increased to 13% of the total vote, up from 11% four years earlier. 43% of whites voted for Obama up 2% from 2004. Hispanics 67% up 14% from 2004 and all others were up more than 10%. These changes combined to thrust Obama into the presidency. More Black women voted than Black men and they voted more for Obama by 1%.
White
African-American
Latino
Asian
Other
(74%)-(77%)43%41%55%58%
43%41%55%58%(13%)-(11%)95%88%04%11%
95%88%04%11%(09%)-(08%)67%53%31%44%
67%53%31%44%(02%)-(02%)62%56%35%44%
62%56%35%44%(03%)-(02%)66%54%31%40%
66%54%31%40% % of total vote
(04)-(08) Obama Kerry04 Mcain Bush04White Men
White Women
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Black Men
Black Women
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Latino Men
Latino Women
All Other Races
(36%)41%57%
41%57%(39%)46%53%
46%53%(05%)95%05%
95%05%(07%)96%03%
96%03%(04%)64%33%
64%33%(05%)68%30%
68%30%(05%)64%32%
64%32%
America's First Black President
Barack Obama
Voters By Race
By Race & Sex % of total vote Obama Mcain
Blueprint of Black America
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Black Party Affiliation
1994
CLINTON(D) 91%
BUSH(R) 6%
PEROT 3%
OTHER 0.2%
1992
CLINTON 91%
BUSH 6%
PEROT 3%
1988
DUKAKIS(D) 76%
BUSH(R) 21%
OTHER 2%
1968
HUMPHREY(D) 88%
NIXON(R) 11%
WALLACE 1%
